孟加拉湾季风爆发可预测性的分析和初步应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

段安民  毛江玉  吴国雄 《高原气象》2004,23(1):18-25

基于季风区对流层中高层副高脊附近的经向温度梯度能表征季节转换和季风爆发的物理本质这一事实,使用1980—1999年过渡季节期间(3～5月)逐日和月平均的NCEP／NCAR高空温度场再分析资料,对该温度梯度潜在的预报季风爆发进行了分析。结果表明：在已知初始时刻孟加拉湾季风区对流层中高层经向温度梯度的前提下,依据初始时刻的经向温度梯度和气候平均的经向增温率梯度,可以对孟加拉湾季风爆发的迟早做出定性预测。另外,由于孟加拉湾地区季风爆发日期与3月份青藏高原上空对流层中高层气温有显著相关,故前期高原上空对流层中高层的气温高低也是判断孟加拉湾季风爆发迟早的重要因子。对2000年和2001年孟加拉湾季风爆发迟早定性预测的结果表明,这两种预报方法具有潜在的应用价值。  相似文献   

渤海湾地区一次碰撞型海风锋天气过程的数值模拟分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梁钊明  高守亭  王彦 《气候与环境研究》2013,18(6):733-745

利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式对渤海湾地区2009年9月26日一次碰撞型海风锋天气过程进行了数值模拟分析,模拟结果较好地重现了这次天气过程以及海风锋的结构和特征。结果显示,海风锋锋后是较为深厚的对流不稳定能量和水汽高值区,锋后水汽高值区的形成源于海风的堆积和往高空输送,而锋后对流不稳定能量的产生归因于抬升凝结高度和自由对流高度的降低以及平衡高度的升高,这些高度变化则源于冷湿海风给低层大气带来的降温和增湿,其中给低层大气带来的增湿是主要影响因子。对流系统与海风锋相向碰撞时,对流系统容易进入海风锋锋后触发强对流不稳定能量形成强对流运动,同时弱对流抑制为对流运动的触发提供了有利的条件,强对流运动把海风锋锋后充沛的水汽往上输送,从而造成强降水天气。另外,对流系统与海风锋碰撞后沿着海风锋锋后移动可能更有利于对流运动的发展和维持。  相似文献   

杭州湾附近海底柱状岩心重矿物分布研究     

孟建国 《地质学报》2009,83(8):812-819

摘 要： 对东海沿岸陆架CJ08-630、CJ08-923、CJ08-1185三个柱状岩心56个重矿物样品63-125μm粒级重矿物的研究表明,重矿物种类有56种,最高含量可达53.1%;平均含量较低,为8.5%,;矿物组成以闪石类、帘石类、辉石类、片状矿物、自生黄铁矿及金属矿物磁铁矿、褐铁矿等等为主。重矿物来源复杂多样,包括陆源、火山、自生等各种来源的矿物。其中沿岸河流输入物是主要陆源矿物来源;此外还有沿岸和岛屿等的剥蚀物、冲刷物。沉积环境是影响重矿物分布的主要因素。  相似文献   

渤海海域莱州湾凹陷盐构造成因探讨   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

孙和风  彭文绪  周心怀 《大地构造与成矿学》2009,33(3)

通过分析莱州湾凹陷盐构造特征,盐构造形成动力条件,探讨莱州湾凹陷盐构造成因,讨论了走滑背景下盐岩活动特点。分析表明,莱州湾凹陷盐层构造发育刺穿性盐株和枕状底辟,欠压实、超压破裂、潜伏走滑断层和楔形体的重力扩张促使了莱州湾凹陷盐岩早期流动;渐新世右行走滑阶段,走滑压扭作用下形成刺穿盐株;盐构造活动可分为沙三末期-沙一段沉积期盐流动阶段、中晚渐新世东营沉积时期盐刺穿阶段、中新世-第四纪盐构造再次活化三个阶段。走滑断裂作用下盐岩以流动为主,发育典型的刺穿型盐底辟。  相似文献   

Modern analogues and the early history of microbial life     

Brendan P. Burns  Roberto Anitori  Philip Butterworth  Ruth Henneberger  Falicia Goh  Michelle A. Allen  Raquel Ibaez-Peral  Peter L. Bergquist  Malcolm R. Walter  Brett A. Neilan 《Precambrian Research》2009,173(1-4):10

Revealing the geological history of microbial life is very challenging. Microbes rarely are preserved with morphological fidelity, and even when they are, morphology is a poor guide to phylogeny and metabolism. Biological studies of environments considered analogous to those of paleobiological interest on the ancient Earth can inform interpretations and suggest new approaches. This paper reviews recent advances in our understanding of the biological diversity of two environments relevant to Archean paleobiology: those of extreme acidity and temperature (the Mt. Hood and White Island volcanoes), and high salinity (living stromatolites in Shark Bay). The combination of traditional microbial isolation with the use of modern molecular techniques has revealed that the microbial communities in these environments are much more diverse than originally thought. Through the extraction of whole microbial community DNA, enzymatic amplification of evolutionarily conserved genes, and cloning and sequencing of these genes, more specific and informed inferences concerning functional complexity in these extreme environments have now been made. Studies of the modern stromatolites have demonstrated that they have a very diverse range of micoorganisms, and contrary to previous interpretations, cyanobacteria are not the most abundant microbes present. In addition, many of the microorganisms are unique with no known close relatives, and these microorganisms may also possess novel physiologies vital to the integrity and persistence of stromatolites through space and time. Microbes in the volcanoes studied are present ubiquitously and include geochemically significant sulfur- and iron-cycling taxa. The findings from the studies reviewed here suggest that the Archean biota may have been functionally diverse and much more complex than has yet been revealed. The importance of studying modern analogues is stressed in that the biogeochemical processes occurring in these communities leave morphological, mineralogical, lipid and isotopic signals that could be sought in the rock record.  相似文献   

Metal pollution in coarse sediments of Tuticorin coast,Southeast coast of India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

N. Jayaraju  B. C. Sundara Raja Reddy  K. R. Reddy 《Environmental Geology》2009,56(6):1205-1209

Indian coastal waters are subjected to considerable pressure from sewage and industrial wastes, which are responsible for the contamination of the coastal sediments with consequent loss in biosphere. The present investigation attempts to study the significance of coarse material (Sand fraction) in the distribution of metals in polluted marine sediments. The study revealed that coarse Sand component contains a relatively significant proportion of the anthropogenic metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and therefore it cannot be neglected in metal pollution studies of coastal sediments. Further, the distribution of anthropogenic metals in both Silt + Clay and Sand fraction follow the same suit indicating similar pollution sources. From the total sediment type (Silt + Clay and Sand fraction) all anthropogenic metals had a noticeable amount (>50%) in the acid extractable (and potentially bio-available) fraction. This article stresses the importance of coarse fraction in metal pollution studies in Indian coastal system.  相似文献   

Climatology of landfalling tropical cyclones in Bangladesh 1877–2003     

Tanveerul Islam  Richard E. Peterson 《Natural Hazards》2009,48(1):115-135

Bangladesh is highly susceptible to tropical cyclones. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of climatological studies on the tropical cyclones of Bangladesh. The Global Tropical Cyclone Climatic Atlas (GTCCA) lists historical storm track information for all the seven tropical cyclone ocean basins including the North Indian Ocean. Using GIS, tropical cyclones that made landfall in Bangladesh during 1877–2003 are identified and examined from the climatological perspective. For the convenience of study, the coast of Bangladesh is divided into five segments and comparisons are made among the coastal segments in terms of cyclone landfall and vulnerability. There is a large variability in the year-to-year occurrence of landfalling tropical cyclones in Bangladesh. Most of the tropical cyclones (70%) hit in the months of May–June and October–November generally show the well-known pattern of pre- and post-monsoon cyclone seasons in that region.  相似文献   

南极普里兹湾海域的近现代沉积速率     

于培松  扈传昱  刘小涯  潘建明  张海生 《沉积学报》2009,27(6):1172-1177

沉积速率主要受上层海洋生物生产的影响,而在湾口浅滩区沉积速率则主要受底栖生物的影响。此外,水流、水体稳定度、冰封期长短和海底地形等条件也对沉积速率产生一定的利用中国第21次南极科学考察获得的普里兹湾海域的沉积物样品,运用沉积地层同位素210Pb测年技术,探讨了该海域沉积物的近现代沉积速率及其影响因素。研究结果表明,南极普里兹湾海域的近现代沉积速率变化范围在0.47～1.88 mm/a之间,平均值为1.06 mm/a,高于南极罗斯海而低于威德尔海,总体上与南、北极多个海区的沉积速率相当。在湾内和冰架边缘区影响,沉积速率的分布是多种因素共同控制的结果。在生物量较高、水体条件较为稳定的湾内中心区域,沉积速率较高,而冰架边缘区的沉积速率则较低  相似文献   

渤海湾西岸沧县隆起中更新世地层间断^*          下载免费PDF全文

鲁庆伟  王强  詹健  郭维  李稳  王西玉 《古地理学报》2018,20(4):665-679

渤海湾西岸天津平原南部静海区400m深CGZ5孔、大港区500m深TPZ1孔岩心的岩石地层、磁性地层、¹⁴C测年、微体古生物研究表明,2个钻孔底部分别进入到定年3.6Ma的高斯(Gauss)正极性带和定年4.5Ma的吉尔伯特(Gilbert)极性带上部;位于西侧沧县隆起的CGZ5孔2.58Ma古地磁M/G(松山/高斯,Matuyama/Gauss)极性带界线位于225m,位于东部黄骅坳陷西斜坡的TPZ1孔该界线位于208m;0.78Ma的B/M(布容/松山,Brunhes/Matuyama)极性带界线分别位于55m和68.6m。结合微体化石分析、3期海侵地层的确定以及岩石地层特征,可判断CGZ5孔和TPZ1孔上更新统底板分别位于55m 和63.4m。依据末次盛冰期低水位域潴育化黏土层位,确定全新统分别厚14.8m和16.5m。上述2孔之间的黄骅坳陷板桥主凹陷中CQJ4孔,B/M和M/G界线分别位于74m和340m。西部CGZ5孔显现整个中更新统缺失,东部TPZ1孔中更新统仅厚5.3m。推测这一地层间断可能是由于渤海海盆在中更新世初期发生快速断陷,在河流到海盆的高差加大的背景下,河流输送物大部流入海盆,海盆边缘的沧县隆起和相邻的滨海平原发生了过路作用。在“源到汇”古地理状况变迁过程中形成的东部大平原,中更新世的沉积动力学背景需要进一步研究。  相似文献   

渤海湾盆地东濮地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩成岩作用及对储集层的影响^*     

肖菁  季汉成  刘金侠  郭强  杨飞  房超 《古地理学报》2018,20(2):299-310

随着东濮地区地热勘探的不断深入,现有奥陶系储集层研究精度已不能满足勘探需求。基于露头、岩心、薄片、测录井、碳氧同位素和流体包裹体等手段,结合区域地质背景,深入研究了东濮地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩成岩系统及其对储集层的影响,并进一步预测了有利储集层的分布区。研究表明,准同生和早成岩期发生胶结、压实、准同生白云石化和准同生溶蚀作用,其中胶结、压实作用使储集层原生孔隙度大幅减少;表生成岩期发生风化壳溶蚀作用,对储集层孔隙的增加起决定性作用;中—晚成岩期发生构造破裂、热液溶蚀、压溶、胶结、埋藏白云石化和重结晶作用,其中白云石化、溶蚀和构造破裂作用对储集空间的贡献最大,重结晶作用具有双重性,对粉细晶白云岩起强烈破坏作用。综合研究将研究区划分出Ⅰ类储集层分布区1个、Ⅱ类储集层分布区2个和Ⅲ类储集层分布区2个。其中,颗粒滩、潮坪与断裂发育带、白云石化、准同生溶蚀、风化壳溶蚀、热液溶蚀作用叠合区储集层质量最佳,多为Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类储集层分布区。  相似文献